There is a vigorous scientific discussion about hotspots these days. /* */ Exosphere - The highest layer is referred to as the Exosphere. Geosphere means the solid parts of the Earth. Barnsley Vs Sheffield United Live, Any given time bottom of the Earth & # x27 ; s atmosphere,.! The mantle is composed of the mesosphere and the asthenosphere and the uppermost part of the mantle . The meaning of MESOSPHERE is the part of the earth's atmosphere between the stratosphere and the thermosphere in which temperature decreases with altitude to the atmosphere's absolute minimum. The lower mantle, historically also known as the mesosphere, represents approximately 56% of Earth's total volume, and is the region from 660 to 2900km below Earth's surface; between the transition zone and the outer core. Rocks become much, much more dense. ; 3 What is the middle mantle made of? The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. Earth has the same recipe of elements as the Sun and the other planets (ignoring hydrogen and helium, which have escaped Earth's gravity). Venus has an active mantle, but the structure of its crust and atmosphere prevent it from changing the Venusian landscape very often. The mantle is about 2,900 kilometers (1,802 miles) thick, and makes up a whopping 84% of Earth's total volume . The velocity of body waves differs with density, temperature, and type of rock. This list does not contain all the data available about the mesosphere but highlights the key facts and characteristics of this layer. Where Was The Kingdom Of Benin Located, While the Asthenosphere, which lies beneath the lithosphere, is composed of the upper most weaker part of the mantle. The Gutenberg discontinuity is more popularly known as the core-mantle boundary (CMB). The upper boundary is defined as the sharp increase in seismic wave velocities and density at a depth of 660 km. The mesosphere is the coldest layer of the atmosphere which surrounds the Earth. It extends from . These minerals are formed from olivine at very high temperatures and pressure. A derivative term, mesoplates, was introduced as a heuristic, based on a combination of "mesosphere" and "plate", for postulated reference frames in which mantle hotspots apparently exist. The following list highlights the characteristics and facts of the mesosphere in more detail. It's the rigid lithosphere that we live in which rides on the asthenosphere. Other mantle elements include iron, aluminum, calcium, sodium, and potassium. 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