Aurelian served under Emperor Gallienus's (ruled 253-268) army and is believed to have participated in his assassination. [24], The city of Orlans in France is named after Aurelian. But in October or November at Caenophrurium, a small Thracian town between Perinthus and Byzantium, he discovered that his private secretary, a certain Eros, had lied to him on a minor matter. The existence in this issue of cuirassed busts with sleeve raised - a shortcut showing the imperial gesture of greeting associated with an imperial arrival (adventus) - also indicates that the emperor was present at Lyon. The bed of the Tiber was cleared and its banks were repaired. [47], His monetary reformation included the introduction of antoniniani containing 5% silver. TIEPOLO GIAMBATTISTA Venecia. As far as the epigraphic evidence is concerned we cannot rely on the milestone from Ardche (CIL XII, 5563) which gives Tacitus the title of verae libertatis auctor (the creator of true freedom). Aurelian and Probus - Ilkka Syvnne 2020-06-24 This is a narrative military history of the emperors Lucius Domitius Aurelianus (270-275) and Marcus Aurelius Probus Afraid of punishment, Eros forged an order for the execution of high officials from the Praetorian Guard. The activity of the mint of Lyon, which was striking regularly but on a reduced scale, does not provide any evidence of troubles in the town, as there is no apparent disruption in its operation. He then marched to Raetia, where the Vindelici tribe had been overrun by barbarians (generally believed to be the Alemanni, but possibly the newly-arrived Longiones). However, the menace of the Germanic people and a Germanic invasion was still perceived by the Romans as likely, therefore Aurelian resolved to build a new system of walls around Rome that became known as the Aurelian Walls. Much more serious was the threat posed to the empire by great parts having been severed from it; in the west by the Gallic empire; and in the east by the Queen Zenobia of Palmyra. Following that, Claudius . . [25], During the reign of Claudius, Aurelian was promoted rapidly: he was given command of the elite Dalmatian cavalry and soon promoted to overall head of the army after the emperor and what had been Emperor Claudius' own position before his acclamation. . The ensuing battle was indecisive: the northward advance of the Goths was halted but Roman losses were heavy. At Alexandria, coins in the name of Severina continued to be struck as the mint received the news of Aurelians assassination, and stopped issuing his coins: the hoards from Karanis have 5 tetradrachms of the 7th year of Aurelian (that is after 29 August 275), but 25 of Severina. [28] The Roman army continued to follow the Goths during the spring and summer of 270. However the six or seven months of interregnum mentioned by Latin sources result from a confusion between a real period when there was a power vacuum and the brief reigns of Tacitus and of Florian quasi quidam interreges inter Aurelianum et Probum (HA, Tac. Zenobia was afterwards granted a pension and married to a senator, while Tetricus was awarded governorship of the Italian province of Lucania.in wikipedia, In late 274, probably on its festival date of 25 December, Aurelian pronounced Sol Invictus one of the official religions of Rome and dedicated a new temple for Sol. The Vandals were only allowed to move back home, after the emperor had asked his troops if they wished to let them do so. The ancient sources are not agreed on his place of birth, although he was generally accepted as being a native of Illyricum. The emperor then set his sights on Persia only to be assassinated by some of his staff in September 275. So in this timeline, Aurelian survives the assassination attempt by some of his officers. He went on to lead the cavalry of the emperor Gallienus, until Gallienus' assassination in 268. Information and translations of aurelian in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Some historical dramas are docudramas, which attempt an accurate portrayal of a historical event or biography, to the degree that the available historical research will allow.Other historical dramas are fictionalized tales that are based on an actual person and their deeds . The mint at Serdica struck coins for Severina with the legend Severina Augusta.The mint at Antioch exceptionally gave the Empress the titles P(ia) F(elix), normally reserved for emperors; on the reverse, the legend is changed from the plural form Concordia Augg (Augustorum) to the singular Concordia Aug, which may be expanded as Concordia Augustae. The Historia Augusta tells us that the region of Augusta Vindelicum (Augsburg) was exposed to the ravages of the barbarians, probably again the Alamanni and the Juthungi. ET, July 9, 2022. Many details about Aurelian's early life come from the Historia Augusta and are considered unreliable. Apollonius implored: "Aurelian, if you desire to rule, abstain from the blood of the innocent! Inscriptions show that in the 3rd century AD, the libertas of a city covered various privileges, particularly tax immunities. [23] They are known to have had a daughter together. . Aurelian rose under Gallienus, however, he was most probably also part of the conspiracy that led to the assassination of the Emperor in 268. He was briefly distracted by an attack by the Goths, who besieged Anchialus and Nicopolis. Tacituss accession of power is thereby shown in a totally different light. This title was first assumed by Aurelian in late summer of 272, and had been carried previously by both Valerian and Gallienus. That right, which since the start of the Empire was purely theoretical, was limited to bronze, and to bronze issued at Rome. Also, the economic substrate of the state, agriculture and commerce, suffered from the disruption caused by the instability. The Emperor struggled to introduce the new "good" coin by recalling all the old "bad" coins before their introduction. Eventually Zenobia and her son were captured and made to walk the streets of Rome in his triumph, the woman in golden chains. He restored the Roman Empire to its former size in a mere 5 years!!! The medallion with the legend RestitutReiPublicae, struck at Rome, is often used to support the theory of a return to the powers of the senatus populusque Romanus. The reign of Aurelian as Emperor of Rome between September 270 and September 275 was a period during which some semblance of stability was restored to the empire, although chaos was to return as soon as this five years was over. Aurelian won this campaign largely through diplomacy; the "Gallic Emperor" Tetricus was willing to abandon his throne and allow Gaul and Britain to return to the Empire, but could not openly submit to Aurelian. Aurelian, sensing his enemies' desperation, attacked them with the full force of his cavalry, killing many and driving the remainder westward into Thrace. Consequently, Aurelian decided to invade. He restored many public buildings, reorganized the management of the food reserves, set fixed prices for the most important goods, and prosecuted misconduct by the public officers.[41]. Aurelius Victor recycles information that he found in the now lost Kaisergeschichte: an interregnum of six months took place after the death of Aurelian during which the Senate and the army sought a successor. Zenobia was captured. Had the Romans earlier paid these barbarians subsidies to prevent them from attacking, then now Aurelian forced them to agree a treaty on his terms, without any subsidies. The deaths of the Sassanid Kings Shapur I (272) and Hormizd I (273) in quick succession, and the rise to power of a weakened ruler (Bahram I), presented an opportunity to attack the Sassanid Empire, and in 275 Aurelian set out for another campaign against the Sassanids. Aurelian was probably murdered in September or October 275. The Historia Augusta alludes to the suppression of a revolt in Lyon itself. Even before the death of Aurelian, the empress was already shown in coinage as a military Concordia. Valens Thessalonicus from Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum Already in the spring of AD 272 Aurelian set out for the east. This gave Aurelian the precisely the advantage he wanted. Lucius Domitius Aurelianus was born of poor parents on 9 September AD 214 in Lower Moesia. . Aurelian leaped from his seat, and by his countenance, white and awe-struck, showed that to him it came as a voice from the gods. On an inscription from Thrace (AE 1927, 81), Severina is honoured as Divine Victory; on an inscription from Pola (CIL V, 29), she is designated as mater castrorum (mother of the camps). Sensing weak central power, two breakaway empires formed: In 272, Aurelian marched through Byzantium into Asia Minor, defeated the Palmyrian army on multiple occasions (Battle of Immae and Battle of Emesa), captured the capital of Palmyra, and brought Palmyrian Queen Zenobia back to Rome in chains. Aurelian did not pursue them, for his presence was more urgently required in Rome.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'roman_empire_net-large-leaderboard-2','ezslot_9',109,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-roman_empire_net-large-leaderboard-2-0'); The riots were still going on. You have heard of Emperor Diocletian and Emperor Constantine, but its very unlikely youve heard of Emperor Aurelian. From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia . Aurelian, probably the most underrated emperor, deserves a lot of credit to ending the crisis of the third century. AKA Lucius Domitius Aurelianus. The city of New Orleans (in French, La Nouvelle-Orlans, in Latin, Nova Aurelianum), in Louisiana, United States is named after the commune of Orlans, and therefore by extension, Aurelian.[54]. To celebrate these victories, Aurelian was granted the title of Germanicus Maximus. As an administrator, he had been strict and had handed out severe punishments to corrupt officials or soldiers. As far as the organisation of coin production was concerned, we see that from the end of 274, certain officinae in some of the mints struck coins exclusively for Severina: this is the case with issues 2-4 at Lyon, issues 10-11 at Rome and issue 4 at Ticinum. Their testimony does not allow us to determine whether the disturbances in Gaul were due to external or internal causes. a. Augusti The historical drama or period drama is a film genre in which stories are based upon historical events and famous people. Wild rumours spread through Rome like wildfire. There was a suspicion (well possibly true) that they had been producing coins containing less precious metals than was required, creaming off the profits for themselves. Almost immediately thereafter Aurelian had to go north again, where this times the Vandals, joined by Sarmatians, had crossed the Danube. He was one of the so-called Barracks Emperors, chosen by the Roman army during the turbulent period known as the Crisis of the Third Century (235-284 CE). [14] Ulpius was reportedly born in the city of Italica, in modern Spain. This rebellion also had the support of some senators, probably those who had supported the election of Quintillus, and thus had something to fear from Aurelian. In 293, Diocletian and Maximian appointed junior partners to their tetrarchy, and these partners (Galerius and Constantius) became known as _____. The first coins in the name of Tacitus were issued at Lyon for an important gold donative. With an act typical of the Crisis of the Third Century, the army refused to recognize the new emperor, preferring to support one of its own commanders: Aurelian was proclaimed emperor about May 270[30][31] by the legions in Sirmium. 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